Centrifugal pumps are a subclass of turbo machines with axially symmetrical work absorption dynamics. Centrifugal pumps are used to move fluids by converting rotational kinetic energy into the hydrodynamic energy of fluid flow. Torque usually comes from a motor or electric motor. Fluid enters the pump impeller along or near the axis of rotation and is accelerated by the impeller, flowing radially outward into a
diffuser chamber (casing) or volute (casing) flows. from where.
Common applications for centrifugal pumps are pumping water, sewage, oil and petrochemicals; A Centrifugal fan is often used to implement a vacuum cleaner.
The inverse function of the centrifugal pump is a water turbine that converts the potential energy of water pressure into mechanical rotational energy.
Like most pumps, a centrifugal pump converts rotational energy, often from a motor, into energy in a moving fluid. Part of the energy is converted into kinetic energy of the fluid. Fluid enters axially through the casing boss, is trapped on the impeller blades, and rotates tangentially and radially outward
° until exiting through all circumferential portions of the impeller to the diffuser section of the casing. The fluid gains speed and pressure as it passes through the impeller.
The annular or spiral diffuser section of the housing slows the flow and further increases the pressure.
In the minerals industry or oil sands mining, foam span> is generated to separate rich minerals or bitumen from sand and clay. Foam contains air which tends to clog conventional pumps and result in loss of primer. Throughout history, the industry has developed various ways to deal with this problem. In the pulp and paper industry
holes are drilled in the impeller.
The air is expelled at the back of the impeller and a special ejector directs the air back into the suction tank. The impeller may also have special small vanes between the primary vanes called split vanes or secondary vanes. Some pumps may have a large eye, inducer, or pressurized foam recirculation from pump outlet to suction to break up bubbles.